Development of a geo-referenced database for weed mapping and analysis of agronomic factors affecting herbicide resistance in Apera spica-venti L. Beauv. (silky windgrass)

Publikations-Art
Zeitschriftenbeitrag (peer-reviewed)
Autoren
Dario Massa and Yasmin I. Kaiser and Dionisio Andújar-Sánchez and Rocío Carmona-Alférez and Jörg Mehrtens and Roland Gerhards
Erscheinungsjahr
2013
Veröffentlicht in
Agronomy
Band/Volume
3/1
ISBN / ISSN / eISSN
2073-4395
DOI
10.3390/agronomy3010013
Seite (von - bis)
13-27
Abstract

In this work, we evaluate the role of agronomic factors in the selection for herbicide resistance in silky windgrass. During a period of three years, populations were collected in more than 250 conventional fields across Europe and tested for resistance in the greenhouse. After recording the field history of locations, a geo-referenced database has been developed to map the distribution of herbicide-resistant silky windgrass populations in Europe. A Logistic Regression Model was used to assess whether and to what extent agricultural and biological factors (crop rotation, soil tillage, sowing date, soil texture and weed density) affect the probability of resistance selection. Our results revealed that rotation management and soil tillage are the factors that have the greatest influence on the model. In addition, first order interactions between these two variables were highly significant. Under conventional tillage, a percentage of winter crops in the rotation exceeding 75% resulted in a 1280 times higher risk of resistance selection compared to rotations with less than 50% of winter crops. Under conservation tillage, the adoption of >75% of winter crops increased the risk of resistance 13 times compared to rotations with less than 50% of winter crops. Finally, early sowing and high weed density signifi- cantly increased the risk of resistance compared to the reference categories (later sowing and low weed density, respectively). Soil texture had no significant influence. The developed model can find application in management programs aimed at preventing the evolution and spread of herbicide resistance in weed populations. Additionally, a new resistance microscreening based on chlorophyll fluorescence measurements was tested on two populations of silky windgrass treated with fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. For the suspected tolerant population a resistance factor of 8,4 could be calculated 3 hours after herbicide treatment. Results have shown that this test could be an alternative for conventional greenhouse assays because of an accelerated detection of resistance and thus an accelerated resistance management.

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